The water crisis scenario faced by several Brazilian regions in recent years, including Minas Gerais, imposes the urgency of water security actions, a movement that must include, among other aspects, the universalization of water and sanitation services and water management by the multiple actors involved, including the implementation of instruments recommended by the National Water Resources Policy - instituted by Law nº. 9.433/97. Concrete improvements in sanitation directly favor water management, especially sanitary sewage and water supply. In terms of sewage collection and treatment services, the proportion of the watershed exposed to pollution by domestic sewage is reduced, in relation to water supply, loss management favors the availability of water in springs. The importance of the dialogue between these sectors became more evident after the update of the regulatory framework for basic sanitation, Federal Law nº 14.026/2020, when the National Water and Sanitation Agency (ANA) expanded its scope. Given that and considering the Minas Gerais area of influence, which with its 853 municipalities welcomes different contexts of urban and rural territories governance, this study proposes to identify critical areas in terms of water resources management and sanitation, considering the reality of the 36 Hydrographic Circumscriptions (HCs) of Minas Gerais, to discuss vulnerabilities and opportunities to increase water security in the State. For 2022 five indicators were analyzed in the context of Hydrographic Circumscriptions: (i) Water Resources Management Instruments Implementation Index (WRMI); (ii) Sanitary Sewage Collection Index (SCI); (iii) Sanitary Sewage Treatment Index (STI); (iv) Water Quality Index (WQI); and (v) Water Loss per Connection Index (LCI). Data for this research were collected at the Minas Gerais Water Management Institute and at the National Sanitation Information System. The fundamental prerogative is understand the hydrographic basins realities, in order to verify priority areas and encourage public policies by, for example, members of the State Water Resources Management System and actors in the sanitation sector. The product of this study are Vulnerabilities and Opportunities Maps to support decision-making to increase water security in Minas Gerais, mainly to enlarge the water supply. According to the methodology adopted, for WRMI 15 HCs were allocated in the alert scenario; in moderate scenario 05; and in the favorable scenario 16. In the case of SCI and STI, 17 HCs were allocated in the alert scenario; 09 in the moderate scenario; and 10 in the favorable scenario. For WQI it was noticed that the main result in the collection points is the average index, being also observed places with bad and good quality, however it was not observed collection points with very bad result. For LCI, 07 HCs were allocated in the alert scenario; 12 in the moderate scenario; and 17 in the favorable scenario.

The rupture of Dam I in the city of Brumadinho-MG, on January 25, 2019, caused human deaths, socioeconomic impacts and various environmental damages, including water resources. A large volume of iron mining tailings from the Córrego do Feijão mine traveled along the Ferro-Carvão stream and reached the Paraopeba river, causing an interruption in water collection. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the conditions of resilience of water resources, post-rupture. For this, a characterization of the study area was carried out, which corresponds to the Paraopeba river basin, in relation to the physical, biotic and management aspects of water resources, and subsequently by analyzing data from pluviometric and fluviometric monitoring of that basin. The probable origins of the chemical elements evaluated in the present work were investigated, with the purpose of identifying the main geogenic and anthropic origins; this compilation of information made it possible to identify probable delay factors in the resilience process. Sequentially, three Resilience Indexes were elaborated and determined, capable of portraying the water quality conditions before the failure, in the period from 2000 to 2018. For the elaboration of the Indexes, minimum, average and maximum values of eight water quality monitoring stations of the Instituto Mineiro de Gestão das Águas (IGAM), installed on the Paraopeba River, were used. In addition to the values from the monitoring stations, the average values of monthly precipitation in the basin were used, which were considered in the creation of one of the three Resilience Indexes, with the aid of mathematical modeling. The post-rupture values, obtained between January 2019 and December 2022, were applied to the certain indices. This application indicated the annual resilience of the Dissolved Copper and Total Mercury parameters, according to the three proposed indices, and the Total Lead, only according to one of the proposed Indexes. The annual resilience conditions of dissolved aluminum, dissolved iron, total manganese and turbidity were not yet satisfactory according to the proposed Indexes. In a general view, despite the advances obtained with the retention and removal of tailings from Vale S.A., the conditions before the rupture have not yet been re-established, until the year 2022, being of great importance the continuity of the repair actions and the monitoring of quality of the waters of the Paraopeba river.

Water resources are essential for the survival of living beings and for economic development. The forms of land use and occupation can affect the environment and water bodies, and trigger negative changes to these resources. The study area of this work encompasses the region of the middle course of the Piracicaba River, which has activities with high potential impact on the environment and water resources, being the Piracicaba River its main watercourse. The main objective of this research is to obtain a diagnosis of water quality, flow and precipitation behavior and land use and occupation of the middle course of the Piracicaba River-MG in the years 2011 and 2020. To this end, land use and occupation charts will be generated, the Water Quality Index-IQA will be calculated, water quality parameters will be evaluated, rainfall/fluviometric behavior will be analyzed using data from monitoring stations present in the study region, and the interrelationship between these factors will be verified. Most of the sub-basin is occupied by forest formation (45.11%). In second place are the pasture areas (31.23%), it is noteworthy that in the region there are localities with cattle breeding, which justifies the maintenance of pasture areas for agricultural production. The mosaic class of agriculture and pasture obtained 11.49%. The planted forest class makes up 8.07%, with eucalyptus reforestation areas in the region for the production of pulp and charcoal to supply steel mills. There was an increase in area between the periods studied of the mining, agriculture and pasture, forest formation, planted forest classes and there was a decrease in pastures and rivers and lakes classes. In most of the water quality stations and periods analyzed, the WQIs were classified as average. Comparing the 2011 and 2020 results, the WQI class remained the same or improved in practically all 2020 assessments, with the exception of RD034 (Mariana) which had all average WQIs in 2011 and, in 2020, obtained poor WQIs in the 1st quarter (rainy period). In general, analyzing the results of the water quality parameters, the oscillations of values referring to the WQI may be associated mainly with the high concentrations of Thermotolerant Coliforms, and also due to variations in pH, total phosphorus, turbidity and total solids. The Dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand values were satisfactory in the water quality analysis. There was a significant difference in the rainfall index in the periods studied and also variation in the average daily flows between some periods.

The reuse of water for urban, agricultural and industrial purposes is already a reality in many countries and has great potential to be consolidated in Brazil, especially in urban centers, where water stress is increasingly constant, as is the case of the municipality from Guanhaes/MG. Given this scenario, the objective of this work is to evaluate the potential for water reuse in the municipality, using treated sewage from the existing sewage treatment plant in the city, operated by the Autonomous Water and Sewage Service of Guanhaes - SAAE. For the development of the work, a research was carried out on the acceptability of the population, a survey of demands and an economic evaluation for the implementation of reuse. In addition, the characteristics of the treated sewage were compared with the values presented in the Normative Deliberation of CERH nº 65. SAAE Guanhaes provided analysis results for E. coli, pH, electrical conductivity and flow. Complementary analyzes for viable helminth eggs and sodium adsorption ratio were carried out by collecting the effluent treated at the station and sending it to a specialized laboratory to obtain the results. It was verified that the level of human contact with the treated effluent proved to be crucial to determine the acceptability of the reuse and that the people of the municipality, for the most part, consider the reuse of water advantageous. The quality of the treated effluent made it possible to positively identify the reuse potential both in urban and agrosilvopastoral reuse. Through economic analysis, it can be concluded that transport via water truck would be interesting for demands with maximum distances of up to 15 km, where the values required for transport are lower than the values referring to drinking water.

Water resource management involves administration and planning to ensure sustainable and equitable water usage. This includes efficient policy implementation, establishment of monitoring and control mechanisms, and promotion of water conservation. The objective of this study is to contribute to water resource planning and management by determining areas most suitable for water infiltration to recharge aquifers in Nova Era Municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Geoprocessing techniques were employed, along with a multicriteria analysis using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to generate thematic maps correlating factors such as precipitation, geology, soil, drainage, lineaments, slope, and land use. The AHP method was used to assign weights to the factors and their respective classes, reducing subjectivity in the analysis. The thematic maps were then integrated using map algebra within a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment, resulting in a final map with five classes representing areas most conducive to aquifer recharge. The results indicate that the predominant class for recharge-prone areas is "Moderate," with a notable coincidence between naturally vegetated areas and those more suitable for recharge. Despite geological and topographical conditions not being highly conducive to groundwater storage, the municipality benefits from well-structured soils, adequate annual precipitation, moderate drainage density, and good soil conservation, making it a productive water source. Small regions classified as "Very High" recharge potential are located in the extreme south, center-west, and extreme north. The findings also confirm the importance of implementing good soil usage and conservation practices to enhance water production and emphasize the need to preserve forest remnants and areas with steep relief, as well as implementing Payment for Environmental Services (PES) as suitable measures to improve water recharge and maintain the base flow in the study area.

The establishment of the residual flow of flux derivation hydroelectric plants in operation constitutes an analysis to obtain the grant of the right to use water resources, and the operational relationship with the National System Operator (NSO) must be considered, according to procedures established by Joint Resolution SEMAD/IGAM n. 1,768, of November 30, 2012. However, in Minas Gerais, more than 80% of the hydroelectric power plants in operation do not have an operational relationship with the NSO, among these, those that fit the modality of adduction of flow by flux derivation. The objective of this study is to propose a methodology to evaluate, in the context of the administrative procedure for granting the right to use water resources, the minimum residual flow in the reduced flow stretch (RFS) of hydroelectric plants, in the form of abstraction in derivation, which does not have the operational conditions approved by the National Electric Energy Agency (NEEA) or by the NSO, in order to meet the requirements of Joint Resolution SEMAD/IGAM n. 1,768/2012. The methodology of the work contemplates the survey of the energy availability of the Small Hydroelectric Plant (SHP) Inhapim, when selected percentages of 30 and 50% of the reference flows (F7,10) in the RFS of this one, and in the elaboration and use of indicators environmental and socioeconomic that have correlation the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 of the 2030 Agenda to compare the scenarios of variable flows in the RFS of SHP Inhapim front of the hydraulic generator park of Minas Gerais and Brazil. The calculation of the energy availability of the SHP Inhapim also included the comparison between the flow adopted in the Study of Regionalization of Flow of the Rio Doce Basin (ANA/IGAM, 2022), as determined by Ordinance IGAM n. 32, of September 6, 2022, and the flow achieved by the method of regionalization of flows through the selection of the linear regression model of the reference flows of the fluviometric stations of the Caratinga river basin. The research results indicate that the increase in energy availability, due of the selection of percentages lower than 100% of the minimum reference flow in the RFS, allows potentializing expressively the positive impacts caused by the implantation of hydroelectric power plants of flux derivation for the reservoirs in the run-of-river mode of operation when compared to the mode of operation through flow regularization. This analysis also allowed the adoption of a comparative model to assist the decision-making process for the selection of technological arrangements that provide the fulfillment of the goals of SDG 7 of the 2030 Agenda, when not involving restrictions of ecological flows for the RFS.

The main objective of this study is to identify tem vulnerable points of tem water supply system in tem municipality of Nova Era, taking into account tem importance of basic sanitation services and access to drinking water for improving tem quality of life and public health of tem city. population. Furthermore, we sought to present proposals for mitigating measures for tem identified risks. According to Sustainable Development Goal Six (SDG6) established by tem United Nations-UN, universal and equitable access to drinking water and basic sanitation is a global priority. However, despite Brazil having one of tem largest freshwater reserves in tem world, there are still challenges in guaranteeing tem quality and quantity of water available to tem population. Many localities face problems with access to drinking water and sewage treatment, which directly affects public health and people's quality of life. In this context, risk analysis using tem (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) FMEA methodology emerges as a relevant tool to identify weaknesses and prevent potential failures in tem water supply system. Furthermore, it is essential to implement a Water Safety Plan (WSP), as recommended by tem World Health Organization (WHO). The Water Security Plan-PSA allows a comprehensive analysis of all stages of tem water supply system, from collection to distribution. Through a technical visit and information provided by tem team responsible for tem Water Supply System-SAA and tem use of FMEA, it was possible to identify tem main risks of tem water supply system from tem collection to tem drinking water reservoir and propose mitigating measures. After analysis, it was observed in tem risk classification and quantification that tem main failures throughout tem system were identified in tem catchment basin in a total of 17 risks, 5 of which were critical, totaling 24.9% of tem spreadsheet at this stage, tem failure mode that represented tem Number of priority risks-RPN with a value of 240 with tem highest risk in this stage was due to tem lack of study of water availability in tem catchment basin. In tem filtration stage, tem value of RPN 450 was identified as more critical due to tem failure to replace tem filtering media since tem start of operation of tem ETA Water Treatment Plant. The assessment carried out in tem chemical products stage identified 7 risks, 3 of which were considered critical, totaling 42.9% of tem risks in this stage. The application of tem FMEA methodology to implement risk management proved to be an effective tool that is simple and quick to apply, allowing tem proposition of preventive and corrective measures to mitigate risks.

Mathematical modeling of water quality is considered an important tool for evaluating the impact of the release of polluting loads, as well as analyzing intervention scenarios, control measures, verifying and quantifying the self-purification process of water bodies and simulating future water quality scenarios. The main objective of this research was to contribute to the management of water resources to verify the impact generated by the implementation of a sewage treatment plant in the city of Caratinga - WWTP Caratinga, whose effluent is discharged into the Caratinga river and analyze the self-purification capacity of this river. The QUALUFMG mathematical model was used to evaluate the impact of the sewage treatment plant and the self-purification capacity in the section that comprises the specific launch of the ETE Caratinga. The study considered the variables biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and dissolved oxygen (DO). The simulations were carried out for raw effluent scenarios (before the implementation of the Caratinga WWTP) and effluent with 60% and 90% BOD removal efficiency in the treatment. Scenarios were also created considering the increase in pollutant load released as a result of the increase in population in the basin for the years 2033 and 2041. In the current scenario, the variables presented values for the RMEQ index (Root Mean Squared Error) of 0.66 for BOD and 0.66 for OD. The DO and BOD remained within the limits established for class 2 waters based on CONAMA Resolution 357/2005 at 90.5% and 72.1%, respectively. For a scenario in 2033, the analyzed parameters would remain within the limits established for class 2 waters of CONAMA Resolution 357/2005 at only 53.1% for DO and 8.8% for BOD. For scenarios considering the 60% efficiency of BOD removal (minimum limit for launch established by CONAMA Resolution 430/2011), the entire stretch, after km 36.4 (launch point of ETE Caratinga), would be outside the limits established for class 2 waters of CONAMA Resolution 357/2005. Thus, it was found that, for better management of water resources in the Caratinga river basin, it is necessary to intensify effluent treatment and control over polluting sources, considering the efficiency of sewage treatment and the number of inhabitants of the main cities of the basin, in addition to increasing effluent treatment coverage in the respective municipalities.

In Brazil, mostly of urban centers were not planned. Consequently, cities have suffered from an increase in flood events and consequently floods. In this context, specialized literature presents tools such as hydrological modeling to assist both in understanding the physical processes in the basin during events and in decision making. As an example of application, the city of Caratinga, located in the Doce River valley region, in the east of the state of Minas Gerais, has suffered from extreme hydrological events. The events recorded in 2003 and 2004 stand out, which, in addition to financial losses, were also marked by human losses. Thus, understanding the physical processes of the basin upstream of the city has become essential for developing macro and micro drainage planning based on reliable scientific data. To this end, the present work proposes to apply hydrological and hydraulic models using the HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS software to evaluate the behavior of the Caratinga River in the urban section of the city. The SCS-CN methods were used to determine the design flows, the Cowan method to estimate the roughness and the separation of events using the rx5day index. Additionally, satellite images and aerial photographs were used to collect data on topography, land use and soil types in the study region. The results obtained showed that 21.74% of the events resulted in flooding points in the city, also pointing out that the Caratinga River overflows with flows above 20m³/s. As a product, this work provides a technical opinion as a proposal for a guideline to guide public administrators in Caratinga and the region regarding the preparation of the municipal urban drainage plan.

The issue of emerging contaminants has been addressed by researchers worldwide since it represents a potential hazard to human health and the environment. Among these contaminants, the drugs widely used in human and veterinary health can be highlighted. Through ingestion followed by excretion, or irregular disposal, trace concentrations of these contaminants can reach the sewage networks and wellsprings, passing through the convenient water and sewage treatment steps without suffering relevant degradation or removal. Thus, considering the concerns regarding the exposition of drug traces through to the potable water ingestion, this study evaluated the persistence of drugs losartan, ciprofloxacin, dipyrone, paracetamol, and ketoprofen in water samples collected in different places located at João Monlevade city, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The methodologies used to quantify the drugs were based on the high-performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC-DAD). The water samples were collected in eight different places and in two different periods. The obtained results revealed that losartan, amoxicillin, dipyrone, and paracetamol were detected in samples obtained from wellspring and treated water sources. The compounds with the highest concentration in descending order were losartan (2.18 to 2.59 μg/mL), amoxicillin (1.94 to 2.53 μg/mL), dipyrone (0.55 to 2.57 μg /mL) and paracetamol (0.0020 to 0.031 μg/mL) for samples collected in January 2020. For samples collected in May 2021, the compounds with the highest concentration in descending order were amoxicillin (1.80 to 2.37 μg/mL), losartan (1.59 to 2.28 μg/mL), dipyrone (0.09 to 0.67 μg/mL) and paracetamol (0.0016 to 0.0046 μg/mL). The drugs ketoprofen and ciprofloxacin were not detected in the studied samples, considering the limitations of the used technique. There is no available data in the literature regarding the potentially harmful effects on human health. However, it is crucial to consider that there are still few studies regarding the chronic effects of exposure to different drugs, confirming that specific levels are safe. This study also evaluated the removal performance of three drugs from the water through a synthetic material prepared in the laboratory, based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SBA-16) functionalized with 3-aminopropyl-trietoxysilane. After incubating the material with water containing the drugs, the nanostructured material could significantly reduce the presence of the drugs. After 27 hours, an adsorption efficiency of 92% of losartan was observed. At 24 hours, there were adsorption efficiencies of the order of 100% for amoxicillin and dipyrone drugs. From all the results obtained, the use of SBA-16 with APTES proved to be an alternative for removing drug residues from water supplies sources.

Aquatic ecosystems have been suffering from impacts of natural and anthropic origins that may imply changes in their functioning. Among the human activities capable of causing such changes, the most expressive are those related to economic development, expansion of urban areas and population growth. Given these circumstances, the environmental monitoring of these ecosystems has proved to be an effective tool for the control and structuring of instruments aimed at their management. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to carry out an environmental diagnosis of the territory with the use of benthic macroinvertebrates in order to evaluate the quality of the Piranga River Watershed, Minas Gerais. The methodological approach comprised the morphometric assessment of the basin, physical and chemical monitoring of water quality, assessment of ecological conditions, analysis of biological and functional metrics of the benthic community, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster. For this, analyzes were carried out at five points in the basin, based on the ease of access to the location and relevance of the stretch to the basin. The results of the morphometric evaluation show the fragility of the territory to hydrological and environmental phenomena. The characteristics of land use and cover revealed the predominance of livestock, which enables the expansion of pasture areas and the reduction of native forest. The application of the Rapid Assessment Protocol (PAR) allowed the classification of points P1, P2 and P3 as altered, P4 as natural and P5 as impacted. The results of the analysis of Hydrogenonic Potential (pH), Specific Conductivity, Temperature, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen, Total Phosphorus and Total Dissolved Solids and Trophic State Index (TSI) were framed according to the relevant legislation. From this point onwards, Point 5 was the one that presented the greatest environmental degradation and Point 4 as the most complete, a factor later corroborated with the analysis of biological metrics. In all, 505 organisms were collected from the benthic community, which were screened and identified down to the family level. Diagnostic interpreted according to the indices that characterize the water quality of the drainage basin at different levels, from bad to very good, showed results that obtained high correlation with the various physical and chemical parameters of water quality, as well as with the evaluation of physical integrity. at each point. The PCA presented seven variables that together explained 70.75% of the data variation. The cluster analysis made it possible to determine greater similarity between points P1 and P3, followed by points P2 and P4, and greater dissimilarity between P5 and the others.

The availability of water resources for human consumption is a challenge in several regions of the world and has intensified because of the contamination of water by human activities, making it unfit for consumption. Contaminated water is considered a public health problem because it exposes the population to substances that cause from varying severity chronic diseases, to death. The main sources of contamination are in places of greater urbanization and industrialization, where there is also the greatest demand for water consumption by the population. One of the most important sources of contamination is activities that use fossil fuels, releasing Petroleum Hydrocarbons (PH) into the environment, and the aquatic ecosystem is considered one of the final destinations of these contaminants that generate adverse health outcomes for all living organisms of the world, including human beings. The hypothesis that we investigated in this work is that the presence of gas stations close to water resources for human consumption may pose a risk of water contamination by PH and routine quality analyzes of these resources are not carried out in order to identify such contaminants. The general objective of this research is to assess the potential of environmental contamination by fuel storage and distribution activities gas stations through the panorama of soil and/or groundwater contamination from 2014 to 2020, obtained from the data made available annually by FEAM, contributing to guide public bodies as to the areas of greatest attention for carrying out water quality analysis focusing on identifying the presence of PH, taking the hydrographic circumscription of the Rio Piracicaba (MG). To achieve the proposed objective, data on environmental licensing and location of "reeller stations, service stations or refueling points, retail system installations, floating fuel stations and aviation fuel sales stations" were obtained through the IDE-Sisema website on period 2014-2020, as well as information on PH contaminated areas made available in FEAM's annual contaminated areas inventory. To assess whether there was an overlap of contamination areas with water catchment sites for human consumption, Fixed Arbitrary Rays (FAR) were defined from the literature, considering the Influence Zone (40 meters), Transport Zone (150 meters), Contribution Zone of low and medium vulnerability (300 meters) and Contribution Zone of high vulnerability (500 meters). Using maps in shapefile format with the geographic coordinates of the projects distribution and contaminated areas, the FAR were inserted and the presence or absence of water use permits, insignificant use and the presence of water bodies around the contaminated areas were evaluated and of the gas stations. Additionally, used in the 100 meter buffer obtained in contaminated areas and from gas stations according to the methodology provided for in Resolução CONAMA Nº23 for comparison purposes. Using maps in shapefile format with geographical coordinates of the gas station and contaminated areas, the RAFs were inserted and the presence or absence of water use permits, insignificant use and the presence of water bodies around the contaminated areas and gas station were evaluated. Water catchments for human consumption was identified around 10 of the 15 HP contaminated areas. In all, 50 abstraction grants and 28 insignificant uses of water for human consumption were present in the sample, but the most worrying in these findings was the volume of catchment up to 150 meters from the contamination, totaling 81.3 m³/day captured without adequate monitoring. for the obvious risk of HP contamination. In the sampling related to gas stations, 438 records of water use permits were observed, distributed in at least one of the buffers in their surroundings, 372 of these records of underground grants and 66 records of superficial grants. The 372 grants for the use of water for human consumption have an average of 6.8 m³/day of abstraction, 96 of them with catchment equal to or less than 1 m³/day, that is, less than 25% of the grants for use of water identified in the sampling correspond to low volume catchment, for probable supply of a single residence. Groundwater abstraction between 1.01 and 10 m³/day are more representative in the sample, corresponding to 262 records, demonstrating that the catchments of water for human consumption identified in the vicinity of gas stations is most likely distributed to several different residences. Regarding the risk classification adopted in the present study, 242 low-risk, 79 medium-risk and 26 high-risk catchments were identified, totaling 4,386 m³/day collected up to 500 meters away from gas stations and 694 m³/ day catchment up to 500 meters from areas contaminated by HP. The surface water bodies were quite representative in the sampling, generating a high number of these water resources in the risk classification, with a total of 345 stretches, with 59 of them classified as high risk, 56 medium risk and 230 low risk of contamination by HP. When evaluating the current monitoring required by the legislation, with the sampling of water in a radius of 100 meters around compared to the 150-meter buffer proposed in this work, a significant increase in water catchment identified with only 50 meters added to the sampling radius and also the volume of water to be monitored in CH DO2. There are uptake of 350.8 m³/day in grants and 54 m³/day in insignificant use present in the 150-meter buffer, while the 100-meter buffer presents uptake of 195.7 m³/day in the grants and 32 m³/day in the insignificant use of water. Therefore, it is suggested to evaluate the quality of water for human consumption identified in the sampling in CH DO2, and it should be considered that the evaluation of the presence of contamination in a water catchment is an indication for the analysis of other catchments in the region to evaluate the possible dispersion of HP contaminants to locations that are not close to gas stations.

Water security is one of the central themes when it comes to water resources globally. The search for new sources of raw water capture is a reality in many municipalities in Brazil and in Viçosa – Minas Gerais it is no different. In order to have an alternative source, other than a surface spring several kilometers from the urban center, this study aims to research groundwater as a source of urban supply in the municipality of Viçosa-MG, in the expansion of the existing system. To this end, data collection was carried out in loco, preparation of a spreadsheet and maps with information from the existing wells and the executive feasibility of the proposed system was analyzed. The visit, knowledge and tests of the wells, together with computational resources, were of paramount importance for the execution of the study, allowing the elaboration of the documents that subsidized the study and will provide the municipal managers with reliable data for the correct decision making. The results revealed trends in regions and techniques that indicate the potential use of groundwater for the purpose. The use of these resources must help for the supply and human consumption, one of the priority uses in situations of scarcity according to the Water Law.

Climate change can modify the hydrological cycle resulting in changes in the intensity and variability of rainfall, which, in turn, can lead to the occurrence of natural disasters, conflicts in the use of water, in addition to other socioeconomic and environmental impacts. For better planning, management and regulation of water resources in the face of these challenges, it is possible to highlight the hydrometeorological studies that are important to understand about the availability and use of water, analyze the occurrences and perform the forecast of extreme events, among others. In this context, the rainfall data used in these studies are essential, since the greater the quantity, coverage and precision, the greater the probability of correct predictions. However, in Brazil there is a lack of ground observations both in terms of temporal and spatial coverage. For this reason, there is a need to look for other sources of precipitation data such as satellite-based estimates to try to complete these failures and to carry out better water planning. Therefore, this work intends to evaluate the performance of precipitation estimates from meteorological satellites in the Hydrographic Basin of the Piracicaba River/MG, Doce River sub-basin, in order to verify its potential use as an alternative for application in studies of extreme hydrological events and as a tool for water planning and management. For this, an analysis will be carried out using statistical indicators which will compare the data from observational pluviometric stations and precipitation data from satellite products. The data of the pluviometric stations will be obtained through the Hidroweb platform of the National Water and Sanitation Agency. The precipitation data from TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission), IMERG (Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for GPM) and CMORH (CPC Morphing Technique) satellite products will be obtained through their respective platforms. Rainfall maps were prepared for the basin using geoprocessing tools and satellite estimates were also evaluated during extreme precipitation events, relating them to the socio-environmental impacts, described in the official documents of the Integrated Disaster Information System (S2id) of the Ministry of Development Regional, as well as the associated meteorological mechanisms. The results of this study showed that the TRMM and IMERG presented better results in relation to CMORPH when compared to rainfall stations, adding to the planning of water infrastructure systems to reduce the impacts of floods and droughts in scenarios of scarcity of data and rainfall information.

The scarcity of water and the intense use of this resource by agricultural sector have caused social conflicts and environmental problems in the hydrographic basin of Bicudo river, an affluent of Velhas river, in Minas Gerais. The hydrographic basin of Bicudo river has some intermittent rivers, which makes water availability one of the biggest challenges for its population in periods of drought, because they are predominantly rural and use water in agricultural and livestock production. In 2015, 308 containment basins, named “barraginhas”, were built in the cities of Corinto/MG and Morro da Garça/MG, where the basin of Bicudo river is located. These constructions were financed by tax from use of water in the basin of Velhas river. In this context, this study aims to investigate whether the projects oriented to recovery of degraded areas, in this case, the containment basins, were able to promote impact over the hydrological behavior of hydrographic basin of Bicudo river. To this purpose, the basin analyzed was modeled by using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool - SWAT to simulate the containment basins implantation effects on water flow of Bicudo river. The model parameters were adjusted using the register of fluviometric station “Ponte do Bicudo” from 2002 to 2014. With the support of SWAT-CUP software, the Nash and Sutcliffe (NS) coefficient of 0,67 and 0,75 and the trend percentage (PBIAS) of -5.1% and 9.5%, were found in calibration and validation steps, respectively. These results from the NS and PBIAS indexes demonstrate that the model elaborated for Bicudo river basin performed well, based on NS index, and very well based on PBIAS index. The scenario with the containment basins built in 2015 was compared to the simulated scenario whithout these interventions. After completing the simulations, it was found that the SWAT model showed sensitivity to changes executed at digital elevation model - MDE, to represent the presence of containment basins. The scenario with “barraginhas” showed lower peak flows than that simulated without them. This result indicates that the presence of these interventions together is capable of promoting peak flow reduction in critical rainy events, favoring the permanence of water within the limits of the hydrographic basin for a longer time. Despite the uncertainties of hydrological simulation tools, the results generated in this work are useful for water resource managers, for members of hydrographic basin committees and for representatives of Brazilian hydrographic basin Agencies. This study could contribute to develop strategies focused on water resources and soil preservation in hydrographic basins with characteristics similar to those of the Bicudo river.

The demand for hydric resources is a process that moves in the opposite direction of the quantity and quality of superficial hydric bodies majority. Considering this circumstance, three situations are identified: the high cost for recovering hydric bodies, water treatment aiming to achieve potability, and the exploitation of groundwaters, justified by its abundance and limpidity. The main goal of this work is to characterize and evaluate the ground hydric potential, based on the geological and hydrogeological characteristics of the low course of Piracicaba River, region in which the development of all activities depends on groundwater. The study of the drilled wells and granted flows, enabled the characterization of the aquifers. The quantification of the superficial and subterranean components, presented through hydrographs, led to the calculation of the contribution of the aquifers to the perpetuity of the water course, upon the evaluation of total and subterranean defluvium volumes. Considering the seven cities included in the studied area, only Jaguaraçu doesn’t use groundwater for public supply. In total, 1275 wells were registered, which are placed within four aquifer systems identified. Half of these wells are drilled in the fissural aquifer system of the crystalline rocks. In the fissural aquifer system formed by metasedimentary / metavolcanic rocks and in the porous aquifer system from the cenozoic formations, the wells with the highest flow rates are found. Estimates developed considering population growth, correlated to the regional hydric demand, for 2035, show that a new and efficient ground hydric resource management will be necessary in order to meet the necessities of a near future.

Water availability is the primary information that supports the analysis and decision on the granting of the right to use water resources for a given claim, and thus ensures the quantitative and qualitative control of water uses and the effective exercise of water access rights, as provided for in article 11 of Federal Law No. 9,433, which institutes the National Water Resources Policy. It also defines that the derivations, funding and entries considered insignificant are independent of granting. Establishing limits for these uses has always been a difficult task, each local water resources management sphere assigns these limits according to specific characteristics and needs, whether they are defined by type of use, by volume of water, or the lack of “free uses”. In Minas Gerais, to obtain the registration of insignificant use, the user must fill out a specific form, informing the flow, purpose and mode of use of the water resource, among other general information, and the registration is then issued instantly. The hypothesis of this work is that records of insignificant uses for the capture of surface water emitted in series along small stretches of a watercourse may have the capacity to substantially alter its water availability, and consequently, cause environmental impacts, as well as providing conflicts over the use of water and not guaranteeing the supply between multiple uses. The general objective of the research is to analyze the State Water Resources Policy of Minas Gerais, with regard to insignificant uses, contributing to the knowledge of the interference of these uses in the water availability of the hydrographic basin, based on quantitative aspects, taking as an area of study the hydrographic basin of the Suaçuí River.To achieve the proposed objective, the list of users of surface water collection at the study site was obtained from the Minas Gerais Water Management Institute - IGAM. The water availability calculations for the basin were made, as well as for stretches of water courses, analyzing the interferences of insignificant uses. The results showed that water abstraction does not impact the water availability of the basin, considering the total availability, except for the sub-basin of the Corrente Grande river, where it was found to be compromised. Insignificant uses do not significantly interfere with the water availability of those stretches that have licensed users. In the analysis of all stretches in which insignificant uses are present, it was found that 555 are in a situation of unavailability, with most of these stretches of small extension, located in headwater regions, and also stretches where there are two or more captures considered insignificant, or in consecutive stretches. This result suggests that the way in which registries of insignificant uses are granted should be revised, based on the water availability of the stretch to be demanded, and not just limited by a maximum flow. 

The work is extremely relevant for Brazilian water resources management systems, both in academic production and in technical application for the sector. It was organized into chapters to help understand the different methodologies and results obtained for the topics covered. Chapter 2 presents water and sanitation in Brazil and the historical context of public policies, from colonization to the most recent amendment with Law No. 14,026, of July 15, 2020. Chapter 3 provides an overview of sanitary sewage indicators and regulatory policies in Minas Gerais and addresses the effectiveness and efficiency of regulation, comparing results from 2012 to 2018. In Chapter 4, a survey carried out on the water and sewage systems in the COVID-19 pandemic analyzes the cities with the most cases virus and service levels, comparing the results with the existence of regulatory agencies in the localities and the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations (UN). Finally, Chapter 5 presents an analysis of capacity building in water and sanitation regulation, dealing with Brazilian legislation, good international practices, the ANA's water and sanitation regulation training plan and the perspectives of subnational regulatory agencies.

The Brazilian management of water resources faces different types of barriers. Among these, there is the flow of information between the entities of the system. For several times, rivers basin committees do not have free access to information on programs and investments in a quick and available way at any time. Given this current condition, measures must be taken to contribute to the transparency of the system. One way to achieve this goal is through the development of information technologies, such as maps displayed on the web. Therefore, the objective of this work is the development of a Geographic Information System (GIS) application for the provision of data from environmental programs executed in the Piranga river basin. In this sense, the Rio Vivo collected data, which was carried out from 2017 onwards, was requested. To create the platform, the WebApp Builder system, from ArcGis Online, was chosen. To ensure the quality of data interpretation, the theoretical frameworks of thematic cartography and the usability measure were applied through ISO NBR 9241-11 of 2002. Finally, use tests were applied with 24 participants who experienced the quality of three versions of the product. In addition to submitting the web GIS versions to a sample of users, tests were performed that were not based on the users' experience, which was visual complexity, by counting elements with different colors and contrast - carried out using the Adobe Color application. As a result of the tests with the participants, feedback from each user was obtained, allowing for an improvement based on their experience. In addition, the methodology provided a measure that helped in choosing the best version among the three initially developed, which was version 02, which had the best usability performance (UX) among all others, reaching 3.82/5 points in efficiency, 3.81/5 at effectiveness, and 4.51/5 in satisfaction, totaling 4.12 points out of five in the metric. When analyzing the visual complexity of the three web GIS test versions, the following results were produced: the most complex version among those submitted to the method was version 01 (0.22 points), which had the performance value of the analysis not based on users (An) lower of the three (4.78), while versions 02 and 03 had similar values (4.87). The first version had the greatest visual complexity due to the decision to opt for a layout with more graphic elements with different colors and also to have all the layers already activated in the map when it starts. The analysis not based on users showed that there is an interaction between the participants' experience and the complexity measured by the adopted methodology. That is, the greatest user experience value coincided with the less visually complex version. A maintenance plan for the web GIS was proposed, and a tutorial was prepared to facilitate its use. Finally, the present work produced an easy-to-use application that allows the user to consult the information that was produced by the Rio Vivo initiative and also produce new data within the platform. With the tools available, the user can go into the field and collect location data and even convert them to different cartographic projections. Anyone interested in the platform can also be carried out on rural properties or in other regions and territories with a measurement tool, which can measure distances, areas, and points. Furthermore, the generated web map can still be used in various applications that can be transformed or incorporated into it with layers as a service. It is expected that the results and products of this dissertation will have an impact on the water resources system, about the transparency of the information generated by the actions of environmental programs in the Doce River basin.

The problems of shortages, conflicts and water stress, year after year, have been plaguing watersheds and becoming increasingly frequent. The assessment of water quantity and quality is an essential factor for good management of water resources. The reasons that led to the choice of this hydrographic basin were: a) the increase in water demand in the region; b) availability of water, decreasing every year, compromising agrosilvopastory activities and public supply; c) water scarcity of the last 30 years; d) imminent risks of conflicts in the basin. The hydrological analysis for conflict management in hydrographic basins: A case study of the Entre Folhas stream – Minas Gerais has as main objective to assist in the management and management of the distribution of water resources, ensuring a fair distribution, without generating conflicts and without overloading the water system to the point of causing water stress in the basin. Carrying out the crossing of data obtained from the methodological procedure, it became evident that the irrational extraction of the volume of water in the watershed in any climatic period is the main cause of water stress and conflicts in the region. With this methodology we reached the following results: the morphometric analysis of the basin regarding the drainage density (Dd) of 1.4 km/km² indicates that the basin has medium impermeability, with a good capacity for underground water storage. It has a Compactness coefficient (Kc) of 1.6, implying a basin not subject to flooding, being confirmed by the form factor (Kf) of 0.32, where, Kf ≤ 0.50 basin not subject to flooding. The Circularity Index (ICC) of 0.32, this value being less than 0.51, it is an elongated basin, thus favoring the flow. Regarding the hydrological behavior, the following morphometric parameters of the basin were considered. Drainage area (Ad) of 89.29 km² with a perimeter of 54 km. As for the slope, the basin has percentages from 0 to 14% in the floodplains and above 55% in need of reforestation. Hypsometric intervals of 272 m at the mouth and > 877 m at the highest point of the basin. The water balance through the methodology of Thornthwaite and Mather (1955) with the classification of Thornthwaite (1948) using the data of precipitation and evapotranspiration of the year 2020, for the calculations of the balance with the Available Water Capacity – CAD of 100 mm, it was found that in 2020 that Potential Evapotranspiration – ETP exceeded Precipitation – P by 64 mm, with an annual water deficit of 576 mm, distributed in the months of February and between May to November, which indicates that irrigation is necessary for this period in agricultural activities and review of grant issuance processes. Similar situation with the water balance from 1961 to 2019, evapotranspiration with 51 mm and water deficit of 288 mm distributed from May to October. Thus, the hydrological analysis meets the need for Regulation of Water Resources, as a proposal of legal instrumentation in a flexible and integrated way, being adaptable to reality and allowing an effective regulation not only of the State, but also of the river basin committees and management bodies involved in the management and management of water resources.

The city of Itabira-MG, like many Brazilian cities, faces serious problems of water scarcity in its public supply system. This work seeks, through the use of geoprocessing and water quality assessment, to identify and propose new water sources that have sufficient flow to meet the demand and present water quality standards that fit to the current treatment system adopted by the city. In the present study, two methodologies for regionalization of minimum flows were used to identify the water streams with sufficient flow to support a unitary collection capable of meeting the projected demand of the city by the year 2047. Subsequently, sampling points were selected in these water courses where measurements of water quality parameters were performed to calculate the WQI and land use and occupation maps were drawn up for each drainage basins for these points. Thus, it was analyzed the correlation between the characteristics of the drainage basins with the values of the Water Quality Index (WQI) and with the concentrations of the parameters that compose it at each point. From the evaluation of the concentrations of the analyzed parameters, it was possible to conclude that the water at the analyzed points may be used for public supply after conventional treatment, considering that control measures must be applied to minimize the contamination by faecal material and also to reduce the turbidity. Through the land use and occupation maps it was possible to identify the regions that need interventions and may represent dangers for water quality at the studied streams, and the efficiency of its use would be increased if these maps were elaborated on a smaller scale and with a greater number of incursions in field to identify the pollution points. With the aid of GIS, the flow rates Q7,10 were calculated for all water courses in the basins under study and, based on the study of the water availability of the area, it was identified that the potential for conflict over the use of water resources is relatively low. Finally, considering the flow available for abstraction, the land use and occupation and the quality of the water found in the basins, it is recommended as the best place for the implementation of a unitary abstraction capable of serving the city of Itabira-MG the Tanque River, somewhere between the analyzed points. And we do not recommend a new abstraction point neither in the Santa Bárbara river, nor in the Jirau stream nor in the Peixe river.

The supervised model of socioeconomic development, associated with accelerated population growth and the need to attend to various human activities evidenced in a complex panorama of pollution in water bodies, which directly affects the dilution capacity and self-purification of rivers. The implementation of decision support systems and water quality models is essential for efficient water management and articulation of the National Water Resources Policy instruments. Thus, the main objective of this work is to analyze the dilution capacity using the QUAL-UFMG water quality model in a case study in the Piracicaba River. For this, the model was adjusted and calibrated using hydrological and water quality data from fluviometric stations. From the results of the modeling it was possible to make a diagnosis of the basin and after the application of the model it was found that it was able to represent well the reality of the river studied. The hypothetical simulation considering the installation of domestic effluent treatment systems for some bischarges directly into the Piracicaba River showed a 36.96% decrease in biochemical oxygen demand concentration. The change in the framing classes resulted in variations of up to 79.83% in the dilution flows. The framing class has a significant influence on the dilution flows, with an increase in the consonant values for level and restriction, that is, each time the permitted biochemical oxygen demand concentration in the water body decreases, the dilution flow increases. It is interesting to note that according to the calculated dilution flow conditions, the consideration of previous releases is of extreme importance for the determination of available and unavailable flows and consequent water availability.

Incorrect disposal of waste and miscellaneous waste can cause significant environmental damage, including the contamination of soils and water resources. These materials may contain chemical substances with toxic characteristics, such as toxic metals that, through the generated leachate, reach the soil and superficial and underground water bodies. The importance of studying those water resources is justified by the need to know these potential contaminants, as well as their evolution in the affected area. In this context, the present study was carried out in the Itabira/MG landfill area, and evaluated the results of the monitoring of local groundwater, carried out in laboratories from 2010 to 2019, regarding the presence of inorganic elements cadmium, lead, copper, chrome and zinc. Through the results of the analysis, it was evidenced that in all the studied points the concentrations of these metals exceeded the established legal limits. The NA map of the area was produced, showing that the highest concentrations of the inorganic elements surveyed were identified at points located downstream of the final waste disposal area and, especially, where the underground water level is highest. A study carried out in 2017 using the GOD method, which takes into account the type of aquifer, characterized the site with a moderate vulnerability index. Maps were made that showed the evolution of inorganic contaminants registered in the monitoring carried out in the analyzed period. As a result of the results obtained, as well as the relevance of the local microbasin for capturing water for municipal supply, it is of paramount importance that actions are carried out for the continuous monitoring of ground and surface water. It is also recommended to continue the studies of contamination of the area with an emphasis on proposing methodologies for the remediation of contaminated groundwater.

Most of Brazilian cities have developed in a fast and non-planning way, which made the already existing problems even bigger, specially the infrastructure and the environment issues. The elevated urban growth rate in Brazil contribute to increase the conflicts for the water resources use in the cities, making its quality get even worse. The guarantee of water supply to all the Brazilian urban centers must be a priority, since it is a basic human necessity, and it is considered to be strategic for a country development (ANA, 2010). In order to ensure the water supply, in good quantity and quality, for the entire population in the country, there must be an integrated management of the water resources and use. Many issues are generated due to the lack of an integrated management of the land and the urban water resources, which originates a huge challenge for public policies. In an attempt to overcome social and environmental problems, this research aims to guide the policies of water resources management and urban managementthrough a methodology for mapping the socioenvironmental vulnerability in urban microbasins through a geoprocessing free software. It will be used for the cities in Minas Gerais state surrounding the Piracicaba river and will be expressed in an easy-to-understand guidance booklet for the use of geoprocessing techniques and mapping of social and environmental vulnerability in order to subsidize urban territorial management of water resources. By mapping social and environmental vulnerability, it is possible to direct occupation in cities and create mechanisms for preservation of urban watersheds, which are key factors for urban planning in municipal management, as well as simplifying the dialogue between the municipal master plan and the basin plan.

The management of water resources in a basin requires knowledge of the conflicts over these. In this sense, the analysis of environmental vulnerability in river basins is an important tool in strategic environmental planning. This study has as main objective to carry out the analysis of emerging environmental vulnerability associated with the water availability of the Ribeirão do Lage-MG Hydrographic Basin (BHRL), of the UPGRH of the Rio Caratinga-MG in order to assist decision making in the management of water resources in this basin from the multicriteria analysis using the geographic information system - GIS. For the elaboration of the environmental vulnerability map of the basin, the methodology which uses a nominal hierarchy of fragility, represented by classes, according to its degree of vulnerability for the components: Land Use and Occupation, Declivity, Rain Erosivity, Soil Classes and Classes of Relief Dissection, assigning values, so that the higher the class value, the greater the degree of vulnerability. In the second phase of the study, the management of water resources in the basin was analyzed by assessing data on grants and insignificant uses granted by the competent environmental agency. The values of Q7.10 of the mouth of each segment of the hydrography of the basin with granted grants were calculated, obtained from the flow regionalization procedure using the method of Superficial Defluvios in the State of Minas Gerais and from the flows found it was calculated the conflict indexes for the use of water in the management of water resources (Icg) of BHRL. The results indicate that BHRL's soil use and occupation conditions, present a strong presence of coffee and livestock and along with the processes of morphogenesis and pedogenesis, with the high declivity and dissection of the relief are the main factors of environmental fragility of this basin, providing greater surface runoff, erosive processes and sediment dragging to the Ribeirão do Lage bed, which can lead to silting and also changes in the quality and quantity of available water. However, the category of soil classes becomes a favorable environmental potential due to the predominance of Oxisols, soils are more resistant to these erosions. Spatially, it is noted that the river segments with granted flow higher than the minimum reference flow and the other segments are found in areas with a strong emerging environmental vulnerability index (4). This indicates the need for elaboration of actions with the Basin Plan, strategically improving the management of local water resources, which will enable the development of agriculture with more conservationist agricultural practices and actions to recover degraded areas. Thus contributing to a greater articulation between the basin committees and the public power, as well as the population directly involved so that there is negotiation and construction of a management environment, of intermediation between public, private and civil society, creating resource management resources consistent with local territorial management.

The release of untreated domestic effluents into water bodies is one of the major problems of basic sanitation, which has several implications for water quality and reflects on the health of the population that depends on it. Allied to this, high investments in this sector are necessary to solve this problem, and for this reason, it is essential to carry out an efficient planning using tools that enable the analysis of the interactions that occur in the water body. For that, mathematical models can be used, which jointly analyze water quality and quantity, in addition to simulating the current and future behavior of the water body. Thus, the objective of this research is to evaluate alternatives for the management of water resources for the Santo Antônio River basin, using mathematical modeling of water quality. The modeled parameters were: dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), nitrogen variations (organic, ammoniacal, nitrite and nitrate), total phosphorus and Escherichia coli using the QUAL-UFMG model. For the calibration and validation of the model, data from the monitoring of quality fluviometric stations located on the Santo Antônio river were used. At the end, 3 intervention scenarios were simulated, foreseeing the implementation of effluent treatment systems and considering the initial stretch of the river with a more restricted classification, class 1. The results showed that the Santo Antônio river has self-cleaning and dilution capacity for all parameters analyzed, with the exception of total phosphorus in the section near its mouth. In the current scenario, the total phosphorus modeling revealed that only 14.8% of the stretch near its mouth meets the legislation. However, in the scenarios that envisaged the implementation of effluent treatment in all urban centers in the basin, the stretch became compliant in 66.8% of its extension. When considering part of the stretch of the river as class 1, the modeling of future scenarios for the E. coli parameter indicated the need for secondary effluent treatment in all urban centers of the basin. On the other hand, BOD modeling revealed that the implementation of secondary treatment systems only in urban centers with a population greater than 5,000 inhabitants would be able to decrease concentrations to values within the limit of the legislation. This demonstrates that the modeling of DO and BOD alone is insufficient to determine the need for intervention to improve the quality of water in a watercourse.

Water availability is one of the main factors that sustain mining operations, requiring knowledge of the real water volume that can be extracted or discharged in its production processes. Aiming to provide the best tools to deal with water resources in mining, this work intended to develop a model for managing the amount of water available in real time for a mining complex. For this purpose, an investigation of the existing water management in a mining unit was initially carried out. After realizing that the current model could present uncertainties in the data, a methodology which describes a sequence of activities was elaborated in order to implement an automated management system for real-time monitoring. The automation tools that would make this possible were selected. Finally, in order to validate the effectiveness of the program, it was proposed to install it in an iron ore beneficiation industrial unit, taking into account the inflows and outflows for a given period. Computational resources and instruments, that identify the flows in a given period, were used to perform the mathematical calculations related to the hourly rhythms of capturing and discharging flows, allowing the accounting of data and the generation of indicators and rules for possible operational decision making. The results showed an improvement in the control of the amount of water reused and re-circulated in the processes, in addition to: reducing the displacement of employees in the field, possibility of integrating data with alert systems, generation of Key Performance Indicators (KPI's), and a reduction in the average time spent accounting for data during data closure periods. Finally, it was envisioned to expand this monitoring solution in real time to the entire Industrial Complex, thus emphasizing the importance of the results obtained with this research. Therefore, this work showed that real-time monitoring provides the possibility of a mining complex to create a detailed plan for water management and, therefore, also be able to prepare against eventual changes in the hydrological cycle. In addition, this work contributed in terms of provide tools and methodologies for evaluating, improving and integrating the instruments of the National Water Resources Policy, in addition to offering a small, medium and large business water management model.